Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation — Hanahan, 2011

The article "Hallmarks of Cancer: The Next Generation" by Hanahan and Weinberg (2011) discusses the six hallmark capabilities of cancer cells that enable them to form tumors, grow, and spread to other parts of the body. The six hallmarks include sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, and activating invasion and metastasis. In addition to the six hallmarks, the authors introduce two emerging hallmarks: deregulating cellular energetics and avoiding immune destruction. They also discuss how the hallmarks interact with each other to enable cancer progression and how they can be targeted for cancer therapy. The authors emphasize the importance of understanding the hallmarks of cancer in order to develop effective cancer treatments and ultimately improve patient outcomes. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of cancer biology and serves as a framework for future research and therapeutic development.

Hanahan, D., & Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell, 144(5), 646–674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013