Differential effects of HIV transmission from monocyte-derived dendritic cells vs. monocytes to IL-17+CD4+ T cells—Mitsuki 2017

HIV infection depletes CD4 helper T cells (Th), but not evenly. Other immune cells may contribute to Th depletion. In this allogeneic coculture investigation, MDDCs and monocytes transmit HIV to Th17 and Th1 cells. HIV upregulated HLA-DR and CD86 on monocytes but not PD-L1 on MDDCs. Coculturing CD4+ T cells with HIV-pretreated MDDCs decreased Th17 but not Th1 responses. HIV-pretreated monocytes elevated Th17 without altering Th1. In HIV-treated monocyte cocultures, virus-infected CD4+ T cells and Th17 responses increased. Memory CD4+ T cells drove Th17 expansion. The HIV envelope enhanced Th17 without productive virus infection. HIV-treated MDDCs reduced Th proliferation and activated caspase-3, but HIV-treated monocytes increased Th proliferation without activating caspase-3. This study suggests different myeloid cell types may influence HIV-related Th17 responses.

Mitsuki, Y. Y., Tuen, M., & Hioe, C. E. (2017). Differential effects of HIV transmission from monocyte-derived dendritic cells vs. monocytes to IL-17+CD4+ T cells. Journal of leukocyte biology, 101(1), 339–350. https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.4A0516-216R